Photo AI
Explain how the following substances would be classified under the Arrhenius and Brønsted–Lowry definitions of acids - HSC - SSCE Chemistry - Question 22 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 22
Explain how the following substances would be classified under the Arrhenius and Brønsted–Lowry definitions of acids. Support your answer with relevant equations. •... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain how the following substances would be classified under the Arrhenius and Brønsted–Lowry definitions of acids - HSC - SSCE Chemistry - Question 22 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
HCl(aq)
Answer
According to Arrhenius, acids are substances that dissociate in water to produce hydrogen ions (H⁺). Therefore, HCl(aq) is classified as an Arrhenius acid since it ionizes in water to give H⁺ ions:
In the Brønsted–Lowry theory, acids are defined as proton donors. HCl(aq) donates a proton (H⁺) to water, further supporting its classification as an acid.
Step 2
NH₄Cl(aq)
Answer
Ammonium chloride, NH₄Cl(aq), contains the ammonium ion (NH₄⁺), which can donate a proton in solution. In this case, it acts as a Brønsted–Lowry acid by providing an H⁺ ion to water, forming NH₃ and hydronium ions:
Therefore, NH₄Cl(aq) is classified as a Brønsted–Lowry acid.