SSCE HSC Chemistry Solution Equilibria: Early in the twentieth century,

Early in the twentieth century, Fritz Haber developed a method for preparing ammonia - HSC - SSCE Chemistry - Question 24 - 2006 - Paper 1

Question 24

Early in the twentieth century, Fritz Haber developed a method for preparing ammonia. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the preparation of ammonia using th... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Early in the twentieth century, Fritz Haber developed a method for preparing ammonia - HSC - SSCE Chemistry - Question 24 - 2006 - Paper 1

Step 1

Write a balanced chemical equation for the preparation of ammonia using the Haber process.

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Answer

The balanced chemical equation for the preparation of ammonia (NH₃) using the Haber process is:

$N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g)$

This equation indicates that one molecule of nitrogen reacts with three molecules of hydrogen to produce two molecules of ammonia.

Step 2

Evaluate the significance of Haber's discovery at that time in world history.

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Answer

Fritz Haber's development of the Haber process in the early twentieth century had profound implications for both agriculture and global demographics.

Agricultural Impact

The Haber process enabled the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, which is crucial for the production of fertilizers. This innovation significantly increased crop yields and helped to alleviate food shortages experienced across Europe and other parts of the world. In the wake of World War I, maintaining food production became increasingly vital.

Historical Context

During this period, the world was grappling with rapid population growth fueled by industrialization. Haber's discovery provided a means to support this population surge by enhancing agricultural efficiency. This aspect is particularly noteworthy as it set the framework for today's modern agricultural practices.

Ethical Considerations

However, it is important to consider the dual-use nature of Haber's work. Although the Haber process contributed positively to agriculture, Fritz Haber was also involved in the development of chemical weapons, notably chlorine gas, during World War I. This dual legacy reflects the ethical complexities inherent in scientific advancements, showing that innovations can have both beneficial and harmful applications.

In summary, Haber's process revolutionized agriculture and played a crucial role in addressing food supply issues during a critical time in history, while also serving as a reminder of the ethical dilemmas faced by scientists.