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A team of 11 students is to be formed from a group of 18 students - HSC - SSCE Mathematics Extension 1 - Question 8 - 2016 - Paper 1

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A team of 11 students is to be formed from a group of 18 students. Among the 18 students are 3 students who are left-handed. What is the number of possible teams co... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A team of 11 students is to be formed from a group of 18 students - HSC - SSCE Mathematics Extension 1 - Question 8 - 2016 - Paper 1

Step 1

Calculate total number of combinations of 11 students from 18

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Answer

The total number of ways to choose 11 students from 18 can be calculated using the combination formula:

C(n,r)=n!r!(nr)!C(n, r) = \frac{n!}{r!(n-r)!}

where nn is the total number of students, and rr is the number of students to choose.

Therefore, the total combinations are:

C(18,11)=18!11!(1811)!=18!11!7!C(18, 11) = \frac{18!}{11!(18-11)!} = \frac{18!}{11!7!}

Calculating this gives us a total of 31824.

Step 2

Calculate combinations of teams with no left-handed students

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Answer

If we need to form a team of 11 students with no left-handed students, we can only choose from the 15 right-handed students. The number of ways to choose 11 students from 15 is:

C(15,11)=15!11!(1511)!=15!11!4!C(15, 11) = \frac{15!}{11!(15-11)!} = \frac{15!}{11!4!}

Calculating this gives us 1365.

Step 3

Calculate combinations with at least 1 left-handed student

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Answer

To find the number of teams containing at least 1 left-handed student, we subtract the number of teams with no left-handed students from the total combinations:

Teams with at least 1 left-handed student=C(18,11)C(15,11) \text{Teams with at least 1 left-handed student} = C(18, 11) - C(15, 11)

This equals:

318241365=3045931824 - 1365 = 30459

Thus, the number of possible teams containing at least 1 student who is left-handed is 30459.

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