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When expanded, which expression has a non-zero constant term? A - HSC - SSCE Mathematics Extension 1 - Question 9 - 2017 - Paper 1

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When expanded, which expression has a non-zero constant term? A. $(x + \frac{1}{x^3})^7$ B. $(x^2 + \frac{1}{x^3})^7$ C. $(x^3 + \frac{1}{x^4})^7$ D. $(x^4 + \fr... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:When expanded, which expression has a non-zero constant term? A - HSC - SSCE Mathematics Extension 1 - Question 9 - 2017 - Paper 1

Step 1

A. $(x + \frac{1}{x^3})^7$

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Answer

To find the constant term for this expression, we need to analyze it using the Binomial Theorem. The general term of the expansion is given by:

Tk=(nk)a(nk)bkT_k = \binom{n}{k} a^{(n-k)} b^k

In this case, let a=xa = x, b=1x3b = \frac{1}{x^3}, and n=7n = 7. The term will be a constant when:

73k=0k=737 - 3k = 0 \\ k = \frac{7}{3}

Since kk must be an integer, there is no constant term here.

Step 2

B. $(x^2 + \frac{1}{x^3})^7$

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Answer

Using the same method, we identify the general term:

Tk=(7k)(x2)(7k)(1x3)kT_k = \binom{7}{k} (x^2)^{(7-k)} \left(\frac{1}{x^3}\right)^k

The exponent of xx simplifies to:

2(7k)3k=145k2(7-k) - 3k = 14 - 5k

Setting this equal to zero:

145k=0k=14514 - 5k = 0 \\ k = \frac{14}{5}

Thus, there is also no constant term for this expression.

Step 3

C. $(x^3 + \frac{1}{x^4})^7$

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Answer

The general term is:

Tk=(7k)(x3)(7k)(1x4)kT_k = \binom{7}{k} (x^3)^{(7-k)} \left(\frac{1}{x^4}\right)^k

The exponent of xx becomes:

3(7k)4k=217k3(7-k) - 4k = 21 - 7k

For a constant term, we set:

217k=0k=321 - 7k = 0 \\ k = 3

Substituting k=3k = 3, we find a constant term exists.

Step 4

D. $(x^4 + \frac{1}{x^5})^7$

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Answer

For this expression, the general term is:

Tk=(7k)(x4)(7k)(1x5)kT_k = \binom{7}{k} (x^4)^{(7-k)} \left(\frac{1}{x^5}\right)^k

The exponent simplifies to:

4(7k)5k=289k4(7-k) - 5k = 28 - 9k

Setting this equal to zero gives:

289k=0k=28928 - 9k = 0 \\ k = \frac{28}{9}

Hence, there is no constant term here either.

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