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Analyse how different types of feedback affect a learner’s progress through the stages of skill acquisition - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 27 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 27
Analyse how different types of feedback affect a learner’s progress through the stages of skill acquisition. Provide examples to support your answer.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Analyse how different types of feedback affect a learner’s progress through the stages of skill acquisition - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 27 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
External and Delayed Feedback
Answer
External feedback refers to information provided to the learner from an outside source, such as a coach or instructor. In the cognitive stage of skill acquisition, this type of feedback is crucial as it helps the learner understand the nature of the skill being performed. For example, when learning to dribble a basketball, a coach might point out the correct positioning of hands and feet, allowing the learner to make the necessary adjustments and improve performance.
Delayed feedback, on the other hand, is provided after a performance attempt. This allows learners to reflect on their actions before receiving input. For instance, after practicing a series of dribbles, a coach might offer insights regarding the overall execution, helping the learner recognize patterns and errors they may not have initially noticed.
Step 2
Knowledge of Results
Answer
Knowledge of results (KR) feedback offers information related to the outcome of a movement, which is essential during the associative stage of learning. When dribbling drills are performed, feedback on whether the ball stayed under control or if it was lost can guide learners in understanding their performance. For example, if a player continually loses the ball while dribbling, KR feedback can help them focus on their footwork and hand coordination. This type of feedback encourages learners to self-correct as they progress toward automaticity in skill execution.
Step 3
Knowledge of Performance
Answer
Knowledge of performance (KP) feedback emphasizes the quality of the movement itself rather than the outcome. During the associative phase, KP can be beneficial as it provides specific details about the technique being utilized. For example, a coach may provide feedback about the angle of the player's dribble or body posture during movement. This kind of feedback allows learners to refine their technique, ultimately leading to smoother skill execution.
Step 4
Feedback in the Autonomous Stage
Answer
In the autonomous stage, learners are well-practiced and can adjust their skills with minimal external input. Here, feedback can focus on areas for improvement rather than basic execution. For instance, a player may receive feedback on how to further enhance their speed and agility while dribbling in a game situation. This can involve discussing tactics and strategies for maintaining control while navigating through defenders, ultimately refining their skills in a practical context.