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Which of the following are risk factors for breast cancer? (A) High-fat diet, obesity and early onset of menstruation (B) Early onset of menopause, obesity and early onset of menstruation (C) Early onset of menopause, tobacco smoking and late onset of menstruation (D) High-fat diet, tobacco smoking and late onset of menstruation - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 4 - 2001 - Paper 1
Question 4
Which of the following are risk factors for breast cancer? (A) High-fat diet, obesity and early onset of menstruation (B) Early onset of menopause, obesity and earl... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Which of the following are risk factors for breast cancer? (A) High-fat diet, obesity and early onset of menstruation (B) Early onset of menopause, obesity and early onset of menstruation (C) Early onset of menopause, tobacco smoking and late onset of menstruation (D) High-fat diet, tobacco smoking and late onset of menstruation - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 4 - 2001 - Paper 1
Step 1
Identify Risk Factors
Answer
Breast cancer risk factors include a high-fat diet, obesity, and hormonal factors related to menstruation. Studies show that:
- Obesity is linked to increased estrogen levels, which can promote the development of breast cancer.
- An early onset of menstruation increases the duration of estrogen exposure in a woman’s lifetime, raising her risk. Therefore, option (A) is valid.
Step 2
Evaluate Each Option
Answer
Now, let's analyze the other options:
- (B) mentions early onset of menopause, but typically earlier menopause is considered protective against breast cancer.
- (C) lists early onset of menopause and tobacco smoking; however, the relationship between tobacco and breast cancer is not as strong.
- (D) combines high-fat diet with tobacco smoking but includes late onset of menstruation, which generally reduces risk. Thus, only option (A) correctly identifies the notable risk factors.
Step 3