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Question 30 — Sport and Physical Activity in Australian Society (20 marks) Answer part (a) of the question in a writing booklet - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 30 - 2012 - Paper 1
Question 30
Question 30 — Sport and Physical Activity in Australian Society (20 marks) Answer part (a) of the question in a writing booklet. (a) Explain the impact on athletes... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Question 30 — Sport and Physical Activity in Australian Society (20 marks) Answer part (a) of the question in a writing booklet - HSC - SSCE Personal Development and Physical Education - Question 30 - 2012 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain the impact on athletes and the Australian public, of Australia’s use of sport for political purposes.
Answer
Australia has used sport as a political tool on various occasions, and this has had significant implications for both athletes and the public.
One clear instance is the USA-led boycott of the Moscow Olympics in 1980, which sought to protest the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. This boycott not only affected competing nations but also athletes who were prepared to compete, essentially sidelining them due to political decisions. For the Australian athletes, this created a sense of disillusionment and frustration, as their aspirations were dashed due to external political circumstances.
Additionally, the Australian Government’s support of the boycott highlighted the broader implications of politics in sports, reinforcing a national stance against the USSR while impacting Australians who were denied the opportunity to witness these athletes compete on the global stage.
Another notable example is the incident involving the Australian athlete Peter Norman during the Mexico Olympics in 1968. His support of the Black Power movement, while standing on the podium with African American athletes, not only showcased the intersection of sport and activism but also portrayed the political environment of the time. Norman faced backlash and discrimination upon returning to Australia due to his actions during the medal ceremony, illustrating that the impact of sports as a political stage can have long-lasting consequences on athletes' careers and public perception.
In contrast, these events often mobilize public opinion and can unify citizens around political causes, showcasing how sport transcends a mere competitive framework to become a vehicle for political expression and social commentary.
Step 2
Why are there differences in the participation rates of males and females in a range of sports?
Answer
Differences in participation rates between males and females in various sports can be attributed to several societal, cultural, and structural factors.
Firstly, historical context plays a significant role. For decades, sports were predominantly male-dominated, and this has perpetuated stereotypes that certain sports are more suitable for men than for women. This perception can discourage female participation from a young age.
Secondly, societal expectations and gender norms significantly influence the types of sports that individuals feel comfortable participating in. For example, sports that are seen as traditionally masculine, such as football or rugby, often have lower female participation due to societal pressures. Conversely, sports like gymnastics and dance, which are often considered more feminine, may not attract as many males, creating a disparity in participation rates.
Additionally, access to resources and opportunities plays a critical role in participation. In many cases, female athletes may have less access to facilities, coaching, and funding compared to their male counterparts. Such inequalities can lead to lower levels of participation among females in sports.
Education and awareness also significantly affect participation. Initiatives and programs that promote female involvement in sports at a young age can help bridge the gap in participation rates.
Lastly, media representation can impact participation. The lack of coverage and representation of female athletes in sports media can contribute to the perception that women’s sports are less important or less exciting, which, in turn, discourages participation and support.
Overall, addressing these factors through policy changes, increased funding for women's sports, and promotion of role models can help to reduce the disparities in participation rates among genders.