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Following a cut or a burn to your skin, a highly coordinated set of processes begins to heal the wound - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 3
Following a cut or a burn to your skin, a highly coordinated set of processes begins to heal the wound. The processes are coordinated by molecules that are produced ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Following a cut or a burn to your skin, a highly coordinated set of processes begins to heal the wound - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 3 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
What name is given to the process by which EGF causes the fibroblasts' cellular responses?
Answer
The name given to the process by which EGF causes the fibroblasts' cellular responses is "signal transduction." This process involves the conversion of the extracellular signal (EGF) into a functional response inside the cell.
Step 2
Name two cell organelles that would be activated by the EGF signal and state the role that each organelle would play in the fibroblasts' cellular responses.
Answer
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Nucleus: The nucleus is responsible for the production of mRNA for the synthesis of proteins necessary for cell division and secretion of collagen. It also plays a role in cell reproduction.
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): The RER is involved in the production and transport of proteins, including collagen, for secretion into the extracellular matrix.
Step 3
Outline the main stages in cell apoptosis once stimulated by the Tc cells.
Answer
The main stages in cell apoptosis include:
- Activation of enzymes: Specific enzymes such as caspases are activated within the cell, initiating the apoptosis process.
- Cell shrinkage: The cell begins to shrink and lose its normal shape as part of the apoptotic process.
- Digestion of cell contents: The enzymes digest cellular components, leading to disassembly of the cell.
- Formation of apoptotic bodies: The cell breaks up into smaller pieces known as apoptotic bodies, which are then cleared away by phagocytes.
- Phagocytosis: Surrounding cells or immune cells engulf and digest the apoptotic bodies, eliminating cell debris and preventing inflammation.