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Consider the following human karyotype - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 9 - 2014 - Paper 1
Question 9
Consider the following human karyotype. Name the two types of macromolecules that would be found in the structures in the karyotype. Macromolecule 1: Macromolecu... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Consider the following human karyotype - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 9 - 2014 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Draw two labelled diagrams
Answer
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Amino Acid Structure:
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An amino acid consists of a central carbon atom bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, and an R-group, depicted as follows:
H | C - R | COOH
- Labels: Amino group, Carboxyl group, R-group.
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Nucleotide Structure:
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A nucleotide includes a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogen base, illustrated as follows:
O | PO4 - deoxyribose sugar - Nitrogen Base
- Labels: Phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen base.
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Step 4
Explain the karyotype
Answer
To determine if this individual's karyotype is the same as, or different from, a normal human karyotype, we must first understand that a typical human karyotype consists of 46 chromosomes, including 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XX or XY). If this karyotype shows more or fewer than 46 chromosomes, or any structural abnormalities, it would be considered different from the normal human karyotype.