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The following diagram outlines processes that occur in living cells - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 2 - 2010 - Paper 1
Question 2
The following diagram outlines processes that occur in living cells. **a.** i. Name the process represented at X. ii. Describe the sequence of events that occu... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The following diagram outlines processes that occur in living cells - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 2 - 2010 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
Describe the sequence of events that occur during the process at X.
Answer
During transcription, the DNA template is copied by RNA polymerase. Initially, the enzyme binds to a specific region on the DNA known as the promoter. It then unwinds the DNA helix and synthesizes a complementary strand of RNA. This pre-mRNA undergoes post-transcriptional modifications, which include the removal of introns and the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail. Finally, mature mRNA is produced and transported out of the nucleus.
Step 3
Step 4
Describe the sequence of events that occur during the process at Y.
Answer
During translation, ribosomes read the mRNA code to synthesize proteins. The mRNA is fed through the ribosome, where tRNA molecules with corresponding anticodons bind to the mRNA codons. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide chain. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, resulting in the production of a complete protein or polypeptide.