Geographical isolation is important in assisting the process of A - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 16 - 2003 - Paper 1

Geographical isolation plays a crucial role in the process of speciation. When populations of a species become geographically isolated from one another, they can diverge over time due to differences in environmental pressures and genetic drift. This separation allows them to evolve independently, leading to the emergence of new species. The barriers that lead to such isolation can include mountains, rivers, or human activities, and they prevent gene flow between the separated populations. As a result, these populations may develop distinct characteristics and adaptations to their respective environments, ultimately culminating in speciation.