HLA antigens trigger reactions against organ transplants - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 22 - 2009 - Paper 1
Question 22
HLA antigens trigger reactions against organ transplants. These antigens must be matched as closely as possible if a transplant is to succeed.
A young man required ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:HLA antigens trigger reactions against organ transplants - VCE - SSCE Biology - Question 22 - 2009 - Paper 1
Step 1
The individual most likely to be used as a donor is the young man's: A. father.
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Answer
To determine the best donor for the young man, we need to compare the HLA antigens of the potential donors with those of the young man. The closer the match, the better the chance of a successful transplant.
Young Man's Antigens: A1, B7, C3, DP11
Potential Donors:
Mother: A4, B6, C7
Father: A1, B7, C3, DP22
Older Brother: A7, B19, C12, DP20
Next-door Neighbour: A4, B6, C7
Analysis:
Father has matching antigens (A1, B7, C3) with the young man, making him the ideal candidate.
Mother's and Next-door neighbour's antigens do not match closely enough to be considered.
Older Brother has antigen differences that make him less compatible.
Thus, the best choice is the father.
Step 2
The individual most likely to be used as a donor is the young man's: B. mother.
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Answer
The mother does not provide a sufficient match: A4, B6, C7 does not align closely with A1, B7, C3, DP11.
Step 3
The individual most likely to be used as a donor is the young man's: C. older brother.
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The older brother also lacks a close match as his antigens (A7, B19, C12) do not align with the young man's.
Step 4
The individual most likely to be used as a donor is the young man's: D. next-door neighbour.
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The next-door neighbour's antigens (A4, B6, C7) do not provide a close match with the young man's.
