Petrol and ethene are both obtained from crude oil - VCE - SSCE Chemistry - Question 7 - 2002 - Paper 1
Question 7
Petrol and ethene are both obtained from crude oil.
a. Name the process by which petrol is obtained from crude oil.
b. i. Name the process by which ethene is obta... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Petrol and ethene are both obtained from crude oil - VCE - SSCE Chemistry - Question 7 - 2002 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name the process by which petrol is obtained from crude oil.
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Answer
The process by which petrol is obtained from crude oil is called fractional distillation. This method separates crude oil into various components based on their boiling points.
Step 2
Name the process by which ethene is obtained from the hydrocarbons extracted from crude oil.
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Answer
The process by which ethene is obtained from hydrocarbons is known as cracking. This involves breaking down larger hydrocarbons to form smaller ones, including ethene.
Step 3
Write a chemical equation for the production of ethene from this process, using octane, C₈H₁₈, as the hydrocarbon.
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The chemical equation for the cracking of octane to produce ethene can be represented as:
C8H18(g)→C2H4(g)+C6H14(g)
This shows octane decomposing into ethene and another hydrocarbon.
Step 4
What is meant by unsaturated?
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A compound is considered unsaturated when it contains one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. This means that the compound does not have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
Step 5
Write a balanced equation to show the burning of ethene in a large excess of air.
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The balanced equation for the combustion of ethene in an excess of air is:
C2H4(g)+3O2(g)→2CO2(g)+2H2O(g)
This equation shows ethene reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Step 6
Write a chemical equation to show ethene undergoing an addition reaction.
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An example of an addition reaction involving ethene is its reaction with hydrogen gas to form ethane. This can be expressed as:
C2H4(g)+H2(g)→C2H6(g)
This reaction demonstrates the addition of hydrogen across the double bond in ethene, resulting in the saturated compound ethane.
