A-Level AQA Chemistry Introduction to Organic Chemistry: This question is about the react

This question is about the reaction scheme shown - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 10 - 2022 - Paper 2

Question 10

This question is about the reaction scheme shown. Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Amine A Amine B

Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about the reaction scheme shown - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 10 - 2022 - Paper 2

Step 1

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Answer

The reagents needed for step 1 are concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).

Step 2

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Answer

For step 2, the reagent needed is lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄) in an appropriate solvent like ether.

Step 3

Give the name of the mechanism for the reaction in step 3.

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Answer

The mechanism for the reaction in step 3 is nucleophilic addition-elimination.

Step 4

Name the reagent for step 4.

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Answer

The reagent for step 4 is chlorine (Cl₂).

Step 5

State a necessary condition for step 4.

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Answer

A necessary condition for step 4 is exposure to UV light.

Step 6

Explain why the yield of B in step 5 is less than the yield of A in step 2.

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Answer

In step 5, further substitution can occur and give other amine products, resulting in a lower yield for amine B compared to amine A, which is formed in a more straightforward reaction.

Step 7

Explain why amine B is a stronger base than amine A.

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Answer

Amine B is a stronger base than amine A due to the electron-donating effect of the alkyl group. The B aryl group enhances the availability of the lone pair electrons on the nitrogen, making it more basic compared to amine A.

This question is about the reaction scheme shown - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 10 - 2022 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about the reaction scheme shown - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 10 - 2022 - Paper 2

Step 1

Step 2

Give the name of the mechanism for the reaction in step 3.

Name the reagent for step 4.

State a necessary condition for step 4.

Explain why the yield of B in step 5 is less than the yield of A in step 2.

Explain why amine B is a stronger base than amine A.

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