In a molecule of SOCl₂, the sulfur atom has four bonds - CIE - A-Level Chemistry - Question 3 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 3
In a molecule of SOCl₂, the sulfur atom has four bonds.
Draw a 'dot-and-cross' diagram of SOCl₂. Show the outer shell electrons only.
When SOCl₂ is reacted with a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:In a molecule of SOCl₂, the sulfur atom has four bonds - CIE - A-Level Chemistry - Question 3 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Draw a 'dot-and-cross' diagram of SOCl₂
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Answer
The dot-and-cross diagram for SOCl₂ illustrates the bonding and lone pairs of electrons around the sulfur atom. Sulfur (S) has four outer shell electrons, forming single covalent bonds with two chlorine (Cl) atoms and has one lone pair of electrons. The diagram would show:
Four shared pairs (bonds) between S-O and two pairs between S-Cl.
All remaining electrons as lone pairs.
Step 2
Write equations for the reactions between NaOH and HCl
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Answer
The reaction between NaOH and HCl can be represented by the equation:
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O
Step 3
Write equations for the reactions between NaOH and SO₂
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Answer
The reaction between NaOH and SO₂ can be represented by:
NaOH + SO₂ → Na₂SO₃ + H₂O
Step 4
Calculate the total number of moles of NaOH that reacted with the SO₂ and HCl
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Since NaOH reacts with HCl in a 1:1 ratio, moles of NaOH used = 0.0054 moles.
Moles of NaOH originally used = 60.0 cm³ × 0.500 mol/dm³ = 0.030 moles.
Therefore, moles of NaOH that reacted with SO₂ = 0.030 - 0.0054 = 0.0246 moles.
Step 5
Calculate the number of moles of RCO₂H that produced the SO₂ and HCl
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Answer
Given that the moles of RCO₂H reacted that produced the acidic gases corresponds to the amount of NaOH that reacted with SO₂ (0.0246 moles). Thus, the moles of RCO₂H = 0.0246 moles.
