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Describe two examples of the increased power of the state during World War One (1914–18). - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 1 - 2014 - Paper 1
Question 1
Describe two examples of the increased power of the state during World War One (1914–18).
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe two examples of the increased power of the state during World War One (1914–18). - OCR Gateway - GCSE History - Question 1 - 2014 - Paper 1
Step 1
Example 1: Economic Control
Answer
During World War One, governments expanded their power through economic control measures. For instance, the British government implemented the Defence of the Realm Act (DORA) in 1914, which granted the state extensive powers to regulate various aspects of daily life. This included rationing essential goods, controlling prices, and centralizing the economy to ensure resources were focused on the war effort. The suspension of normal economic practices allowed the state to assert greater influence over citizens' lives.
Step 2
Example 2: Military Conscription
Answer
Another significant example of increased state power was the introduction of military conscription. Many countries, including Britain and Germany, moved towards compulsory military service to bolster their armies. This marked a dramatic shift in the relationship between individuals and the state, as young men could be forcibly recruited into military service. This not only increased the size of the military but also illustrated the extent to which states were willing to go to secure manpower for the war, reflecting a more authoritarian approach during the conflict.