Control of Variables (AQA A-Level Psychology): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
10 cards from this deck
Extraneous variables
Extraneous variables
Factors other than IV that might affect DV if uncontrolled
Confounding variables
Confounding variables
Variables that change systematically with the IV
Extraneous vs confounding: key difference
Extraneous vs confounding: key difference
Extraneous: random variation; Confounding: systematic bias
Demand characteristics
Demand characteristics
Participants pick up cues & modify behaviour accordingly
Please-U effect
Please-U effect
Participants over-perform to please the experimenter
Screw-U effect
Screw-U effect
Participants deliberately under-perform to sabotage results
Investigator effects
Investigator effects
Researcher's behaviour influences research outcomes
Randomisation
Randomisation
Using chance to reduce researcher influence on design
Standardisation
Standardisation
Ensuring all participants experience identical conditions
Hawthorne effect
Hawthorne effect
People perform better when receiving attention in research