This question is about the three amines, E, F and G. Amine E Amine F Amine G 1.1 - Amine E, F and G are weak bases. Explain the difference in base strength of the three amines and give the order of increasing base strength. 1.1 - 2. Amine F can be prepared in a three-step synthesis starting from methylbenzene. Suggest the structures of the two intermediate compounds. For each step, give reagents and conditions only. Equations and mechanisms are not required.

A-Level AQA Chemistry Organic Mechanisms: This question is about the three

This question is about the three amines, E, F and G - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 11 - 2017 - Paper 2

Question 11

This question is about the three amines, E, F and G. Amine E Amine F Amine G 1.1 - Amine E, F and G are weak bases. Explain the difference in base strength o... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about the three amines, E, F and G - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 11 - 2017 - Paper 2

Step 1

Explain the difference in base strength of the three amines and give the order of increasing base strength.

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Answer

The base strength of the amines E, F, and G is influenced by the availability of the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, as well as the electronic effects of any substituents attached to the amine groups.

Amine E has no substituents that enhance the electron density on the nitrogen, leading to a lower base strength.
Amine F, which contains an alkyl group, can donate its electron pair more effectively, thus having a higher base strength than E.
Amine G has a more basic nitrogen due to the presence of another alkyl group on the nitrogen atom, making it even more available to accept protons.

Therefore, the order of increasing base strength is: E < F < G.

Step 2

Suggest the structures of the two intermediate compounds.

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Answer

Step 1: The first intermediate compound is C6H5CH2NH2 (benzylamine).
Step 2: The second intermediate compound is C6H5CH(NH2)CH3 (N-methylbenzylamine).

Step 3

For each step, give reagents and conditions only. Equations and mechanisms are not required.

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Answer

Step 1:
- Reagents: KCN, alcoholic, and heat
- Conditions: Heating under reflux.
Step 2:
- Reagents: Br2, UV light
- Conditions: Exposure to UV light.

This question is about the three amines, E, F and G - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 11 - 2017 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:This question is about the three amines, E, F and G - AQA - A-Level Chemistry - Question 11 - 2017 - Paper 2

Explain the difference in base strength of the three amines and give the order of increasing base strength.

Suggest the structures of the two intermediate compounds.

For each step, give reagents and conditions only. Equations and mechanisms are not required.

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