Using Figure 6 and your own knowledge, assess the relative importance of factors leading to the development of this landform - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 3 - 2021 - Paper 1

The development of the landform shown in Figure 6 can be attributed to several factors, primarily related to both physical processes and human influences.

Physical Processes

1. Longshore Drift: This is a key factor in the formation of spits. As the waves approach the shore at an angle, they transport sediment along the coastline. This process is critical in building up the landform over time.

2. Wave Action: The dynamics of wave energy play a significant role. Strong waves erode the coastline, while weaker waves allow sediment to accumulate, contributing to the formation of the spit. The interaction of waves with the geography of the Humber Estuary must also be considered, as it affects how and where sediment is deposited.

3. Sediment Supply: The availability of bouldery clay from upstream areas influences the amount of material that can be deposited. This clay, being unconsolidated, is easily moved and redeposited by natural forces.

Human Influences

1. Coastal Management: Human activities such as the construction of groynes or jetties can interfere with natural sediment movement, potentially either aiding the formation of such landforms or destabilizing them by interrupting natural processes.

2. Land Use Changes: Agricultural practices and urban development can lead to increased sediment runoff, affecting sediment availability and thus the development of landforms like the spit in question.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while natural processes such as longshore drift and wave action are fundamental in the formation of the spit, human activities also play a significant role that should not be underestimated. The interplay of these factors emphasizes the complexity behind the natural landscape in the Humber Estuary.