Complete Figure 1c and analyse the temperature variations shown in Figures 1a, 1b and 1c - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 1 - 2018 - Paper 2

Next, to calculate the lower-quartile (LQ), we use the same total from earlier. Using the formula for LQ:

$LQ = 3 \times \left(\frac{n + 1}{4}\right) = 3 \times \left(\frac{12}{4}\right) = 10.4°C$

Now we can calculate the inter-quartile range (IQR) using:

$IQR = UQ - LQ = 4.7°C - (-10.4°C) = 5.7°C$

The temperature variations at Faraday clearly show fluctuations from 1950 to 2016. The lowest mean July temperature recorded was -18.9°C in 1989 and the highest was -1.2°C in 1959. This indicates a significant variation of 12.2°C.

In general, there is a noticeable trend in the temperatures, particularly an increase post-2000, reflecting a larger overall range compared to earlier years. The analysis from the figures highlights that the variation of temperatures is significant, especially with values showing a shift towards warmer temperatures, indicating a potential impact of climatic changes on the environment in Antarctica.

The inter-quartile range of 5.7°C indicates that 50% of the middle data points remain fairly consistent with limited extreme values. The presence of significant temperature shifts since 2000 had made more profound impacts, as seen from the recorded data of the years involved.