Analyse the data shown in Figure 7 - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 4
Analyse the data shown in Figure 7.
Figure 7 shows the mean mass balance and cumulative mass balance for selected glaciers around the world.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:Analyse the data shown in Figure 7 - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 4 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
Analysis of Mass Balance Before 1970
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Answer
Prior to 1970, the mean specific mass balance for selected glaciers exceeded zero in only two instances. This indicates a predominantly positive mass balance during this period, suggesting that glaciers were gaining mass.
Step 2
Trends Post-1970
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From 1970 onward, the trend shifts dramatically as the mean mass balance consistently falls below zero for most years, highlighting a long-term pattern of mass loss across the glaciers. The mass balance reached its lowest around 1997, indicating significant glacial retreat.
Step 3
Identifying Anomalies
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Anomalies are evident in specific years; for instance, in 1987, the selected glaciers recorded a mass balance surpassing 500 mm w.e. This sharp recovery contrasts with the ongoing trend of loss observed in nearby years.
Step 4
Recent Trends and Recovery
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The data shows a potential period of recovery between 2006-2009; however, this was followed by renewed losses. The cumulative mass balance indicates that while there were fluctuations, the overall trend remains negative, confirming the glaciers' overall mass loss.
Step 5
Conclusion
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In summary, the observed data reveals a clear link between the increasing negative mass balance and anthropogenic climate change. The fluctuating nature of glacier mass balance suggests a sensitive response of glaciers to climatic variables.
