Using Figure 10a, Figure 10b and your own knowledge, assess the extent to which renewable energy can be used to achieve energy security - AQA - A-Level Geography - Question 5 - 2018 - Paper 2

Renewable energy has the potential to significantly contribute to energy security, as demonstrated by the Scandale Beck hydro-electric scheme.

Renewable Energy Strategies

Using the Scandale Beck scheme, we see it is designed to supply 571 MWh per year, a notable contribution toward the energy supply. The scheme utilizes the river's flow, converting kinetic energy into electricity through hydro power.

Analysis of Scandale Beck

The actual output of the scheme fluctuates as shown in Figure 10b. Months such as April 2016 show a significant drop in actual output compared to potential, reflecting variability in energy production. This variability points to one of the challenges of relying on renewable sources for energy security, as consistent energy supply can be affected by environmental factors like rainfall and river flow.

Comparison with Other Renewables

When compared to other renewable sources like wind and solar, hydroelectric power provides a more stable output; however, geographical and environmental constraints can limit its effectiveness. Furthermore, the successful operation of such schemes depends on seasonal water availability, indicating a need for a diversified renewable mix to enhance energy security effectively.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while Scandale Beck illustrates the potential of hydroelectric power in contributing to energy security, it also highlights the limitations and dependency on environmental factors. For greater energy security, integrating multiple renewable energy sources is essential to mitigate the risks associated with singular reliance on one type.