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A sculpture formed from a prism is fixed on a horizontal platform, as shown in the diagram - AQA - A-Level Maths Mechanics - Question 12 - 2017 - Paper 1

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A sculpture formed from a prism is fixed on a horizontal platform, as shown in the diagram. The shape of the cross-section of the sculpture can be modelled by the e... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A sculpture formed from a prism is fixed on a horizontal platform, as shown in the diagram - AQA - A-Level Maths Mechanics - Question 12 - 2017 - Paper 1

Step 1

Find the difference between the maximum and minimum values of y

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Answer

To find the maximum vertical height of the sculpture above the platform, we'll start by differentiating the given equation implicitly with respect to xx.

Given:
x2+2xy+2y2=10x^2 + 2xy + 2y^2 = 10
Differentiating both sides gives us:
2x+2y+2xdydx+4ydydx=02x + 2y + 2x \frac{dy}{dx} + 4y \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.

This simplifies to:
(2x+2y)+(2x+4y)dydx=0(2x + 2y) + (2x + 4y) \frac{dy}{dx} = 0.

Rearranging for dydx\frac{dy}{dx} yields:
dydx=2x+2y2x+4y\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{2x + 2y}{2x + 4y}.

Step 2

State stationary points occur when \( \frac{dy}{dx} = 0 \)

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Answer

Stationary points occur when
dydx=0\frac{dy}{dx} = 0, therefore:
2x+2y=0    y=x2x + 2y = 0 \implies y = -x.

Step 3

Use \( \frac{dy}{dx} = 0 \) to find x in terms of y

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Answer

Substituting y=xy = -x back into the original equation gives:
x2+2x(x)+2(x)2=10x^2 + 2x(-x) + 2(-x)^2 = 10.

This simplifies to:
x22x2+2x2=10    x2=10.x^2 - 2x^2 + 2x^2 = 10 \implies x^2 = 10.
Therefore,
x=10 or 10x = \sqrt{10} \text{ or } -\sqrt{10}.

Step 4

Find y values for x

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Answer

Using y=xy = -x, we find:
y=10 or 10.y = -\sqrt{10} \text{ or } \sqrt{10}.
Thus, the maximum and minimum values of yy are 10\sqrt{10} and 10-\sqrt{10} respectively.

Step 5

Deduce maximum and minimum values of y

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Answer

The maximum value for yy is 10\sqrt{10}. Therefore, the maximum vertical height above the platform is:
Height=210=6.32 metres.Height = 2\sqrt{10} = 6.32 \text{ metres}.

Step 6

State the height of the sculpture above the platform

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Answer

The height of the sculpture above the platform is thus 6.326.32 metres.

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