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The daily world production of oil can be modelled using $$V = 10 + 100\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^3 - 50\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^4$$ where $V$ is volume of oil in millions of barrels, and $t$ is time in years since 1 January 1980 - AQA - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 11 - 2018 - Paper 1

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Question 11

The-daily-world-production-of-oil-can-be-modelled-using--$$V-=-10-+-100\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^3---50\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^4$$--where-$V$-is-volume-of-oil-in-millions-of-barrels,-and-$t$-is-time-in-years-since-1-January-1980-AQA-A-Level Maths Pure-Question 11-2018-Paper 1.png

The daily world production of oil can be modelled using $$V = 10 + 100\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^3 - 50\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^4$$ where $V$ is volume of oil in m... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The daily world production of oil can be modelled using $$V = 10 + 100\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^3 - 50\left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^4$$ where $V$ is volume of oil in millions of barrels, and $t$ is time in years since 1 January 1980 - AQA - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 11 - 2018 - Paper 1

Step 1

Show that T satisfies the equation

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Answer

To show that the equation holds, we start with the rearrangement from the original model:

  1. Begin with the equation:

    V=10+100(T30)350(T30)4V = 10 + 100\left(\frac{T}{30}\right)^3 - 50\left(\frac{T}{30}\right)^4

  2. Set V=0V = 0, to find when production falls to zero:

    0=10+100(T30)350(T30)40 = 10 + 100\left(\frac{T}{30}\right)^3 - 50\left(\frac{T}{30}\right)^4

  3. Isolate terms involving TT:

    50(T30)4100(T30)310=050\left(\frac{T}{30}\right)^4 - 100\left(\frac{T}{30}\right)^3 - 10 = 0

  4. Factoring and rearranging leads us to:

    T=607T2+162000TT = \sqrt{\frac{607T^2 + 162000}{T}}

Step 2

Use the iterative formula with T0 = 38 to find T1, T2, and T3

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Answer

Using Tn+1=3607Tn2+162000T_{n+1} = \frac{3}{607T_n^2 + 162000} with T0=38T_0 = 38:

  1. Calculate T1T_1: T1=3607382+162000=44.964T_1 = \frac{3}{607 \cdot 38^2 + 162000} = 44.964 (to three decimal places)

  2. Calculate T2T_2: T2=3607T12+162000=49.987T_2 = \frac{3}{607 \cdot T_1^2 + 162000} = 49.987 (to three decimal places)

  3. Calculate T3T_3: T3=3607T22+162000=53.504T_3 = \frac{3}{607 \cdot T_2^2 + 162000} = 53.504 (to three decimal places)

Step 3

Explain the relevance of using T0 = 38

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Answer

Using T0=38T_0 = 38 is relevant as it represents the current year 2018. This gives a starting point in the model, reflecting the initial state of oil production and allowing subsequent values to be calculated iteratively. Hence, deriving accurate projections for future years becomes more reliable.

Step 4

Show that the country's use of oil and world production will equal in 2029

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Answer

To find when world production equals the country's oil use:

  1. Use the equation from the world production:

    V=10+100(t30)350(t30)4V = 10 + 100 \left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^3 - 50 \left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^4

  2. Set V=4.5×1.063tV = 4.5 \times 1.063^t for the country's usage:

    4.5×1.063t=10+100(t30)350(t30)44.5 \times 1.063^t = 10 + 100 \left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^3 - 50 \left(\frac{t}{30}\right)^4

  3. Solving these equations will show that both are equal at t=49.50t = 49.50 which correlates to the year 2029:

    1980+49=20291980 + 49 = 2029. Thus, confirming equality.

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