Detective Inspector Leeming is in charge of leading an investigation into a major crime - AQA - A-Level Psychology - Question 10 - 2021 - Paper 2

To effectively evaluate the ethical interview techniques to be used by Detective Inspector Leeming, it is important to first outline the key planning aspects needed prior to the interview. This includes ensuring special considerations are made due to the suspect's age, as they are under 16 years old.

Step 1: Planning the Interview

Planning is essential before the interview begins. Detective Inspector Leeming must ensure that the appropriate adult, preferably a guardian or an advocate, is present during the interview to support the suspect. This is crucial because individuals under 16 may not fully understand their rights or the consequences of the interview process.

Step 2: Establishing Rapport

During the initial stages, establishing rapport is critical. The interviewer should create a comfortable environment to help the suspect feel at ease. This is particularly important in sensitive cases involving minors, as they may be hesitant to speak openly.

Step 3: Clear Communication

At the beginning of the interview, the aims and objectives should be communicated clearly to the suspect. Given the age of the suspect, Detective Inspector Leeming may need to use simpler language, ensuring that the suspect understands the purpose of the interview and what it entails.

Step 4: Avoiding Misleading Information

It's imperative to avoid using false information as a means to extract confessions. The ethical guidelines stipulate that no deceptive practices should be employed, which could compromise the integrity of the investigation and potentially lead to a wrongful confession.

Step 5: Training and Experience

Considering the context, it's worthwhile to analyze the effectiveness of ethical interviewing techniques. According to research by Pounds (2019), empathy might not always be effectively used in interviews, suggesting the need for well-trained officers who can adapt their techniques to the interviewee’s emotional state.

Step 6: Length of Interview

Research by Milne (2010) indicates that interviews with ethical training may take longer. Since Detective Inspector Leeming is aware of the sensitive nature of the investigation, she should be prepared for a potentially lengthy interview process. Therefore, she may need to plan her time accordingly to ensure a thorough and ethical interview.

In conclusion, implementing ethical interview techniques involves careful planning, clear communication, and respect for the rights of the suspect, all of which are crucial components that Detective Inspector Leeming must consider, especially in the context of interviewing a minor.