Photo AI
Read Item B below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 3
Question 4
Read Item B below and answer the question that follows. Item B Functionalists argue that crime and deviance are inevitable as not everyone can be fully integrated ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read Item B below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 3
Step 1
Evaluate the view that crime and deviance are inevitable and beneficial for individuals and society as a whole.
Answer
To evaluate the view that crime and deviance are inevitable and beneficial, we begin by considering the functionalist perspective. Functionalists posit that crime and deviance play a significant role in society; they help maintain social order by reinforcing the boundaries of acceptable behavior and promoting social cohesion. Emile Durkheim argues that crime is a normal aspect of society that can contribute to social change and clarify social norms.
However, this view is critiqued by conflict theorists, who argue that crime primarily serves the interests of powerful groups. For example, laws may be constructed to protect the privileges of those in power rather than to represent the common good. This can lead to the criminalization of behaviors that threaten elite interests while ignoring harm caused by powerful actors.
Furthermore, while crime may have some functional benefits, its implications can be harmful, especially for marginalized groups. The negative consequences of crime, such as victimization and social instability, challenge the notion that crime is inherently beneficial. Sociological perspectives like labeling theory illustrate how being labeled as deviant can impact individuals' identities and social opportunities.
In conclusion, while crime and deviance are indeed inevitable within a functionalist framework, their benefits are not universally applicable. They may serve important social roles, but also reinforce inequality and societal harm, leading to a nuanced understanding of their place in society.