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Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate the view that the education system is meritocratic - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 4
Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate the view that the education system is meritocratic. Item B Some sociologists, such as functionalists, cl... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Applying material from Item B and your knowledge, evaluate the view that the education system is meritocratic - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Evaluate the view that the education system is meritocratic: Functionalist Perspective
Answer
Functionalists argue that the education system is meritocratic because it allows individuals to achieve success based solely on their talents and efforts. This perspective posits that exams and assessments are designed to be objective, providing every pupil an equal chance to excel regardless of their social background. Key theorists like Durkheim emphasize the role of education in social integration and the development of skills necessary for economic productivity.
Step 2
Evaluate the view that the education system is meritocratic: Critique from Marxists
Answer
Conversely, Marxists contend that the education system perpetuates social inequality rather than alleviating it. They argue that the education system serves the interests of the ruling class by maintaining class distinctions. According to theorists such as Bowles and Gintis, the hidden curriculum and differentiation in education reflect and reproduce existing social hierarchies. This viewpoint suggests that meritocracy is a myth, as factors such as socio-economic status significantly influence educational outcomes.
Step 3
Evaluate the view that the education system is meritocratic: Evidence of Reproduction of Inequality
Answer
There is substantial evidence indicating that social inequalities are reproduced through the education system. For example, students from disadvantaged backgrounds often have fewer resources, such as access to tutoring or extracurricular activities, which can impede their performance compared to their more affluent peers. Studies reveal that assessment results can often reflect socio-economic disparities, challenging the idea of true meritocracy.