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Read Item B below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 4 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 4
Read Item B below and answer the question that follows. Item B All levels of the education system show differences in achievement between ethnic groups. When expla... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read Item B below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 4 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Evaluate sociological explanations of differences in educational achievement between ethnic groups.
Answer
In examining educational achievement disparities among ethnic groups, it is crucial to consider both external and internal factors.
First, consider the role of home and family life. According to various sociologists, the socio-economic background and parental support significantly influence children's educational outcomes. For instance, Cultural Deprivation Theory posits that children from certain ethnic minorities may lack the cultural resources that promote educational success, such as literacy and educational engagement. This view, while insightful, can oversimplify complex dynamics and ignore the resilience these groups may possess.
In contrast, In-school factors play an equally vital role. Factors such as teacher expectations, curriculum bias, and peer relationships can create an environment that either supports or hinders academic performance. For example, modeling from the National Curriculum may show unintended biases that can disadvantage specific ethnic groups, demonstrating a critical perspective on institutional racism.
Moreover, material deprivation must be considered. Ethnic minority groups often face greater economic challenges, which can limit their access to educational resources, extracurricular activities, and even conducive learning environments. Understanding how these external factors interact with school policies provides a more comprehensive view of educational achievement disparities.
Additionally, the Teacher Expectancy Effect illustrates how racial bias can shape teachers' perceptions and treatment of students, directly impacting those students' academic performance.
Finally, while acknowledging the importance of home life, it is essential to pursue a balanced perspective that recognizes the institutional factors within schools. Sociologists advocate for a nuanced analysis that considers both home and school influences, arguing that a comprehensive evaluation leads to more effective educational policies aimed at bridging the achievement gap.