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Outline and explain two ways in which development can lead to demographic changes. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 16 - 2020 - Paper 2
Question 16
Outline and explain two ways in which development can lead to demographic changes.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Outline and explain two ways in which development can lead to demographic changes. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 16 - 2020 - Paper 2
Step 1
1. Demographic Transition Model
Answer
Development often leads to a demographic transition, which is characterized by a shift from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates. As a country develops, it tends to see improvements in healthcare, education, and access to resources, which contribute to a decrease in mortality rates. With a growing awareness of family planning and increased opportunities for women, such as education and employment, families may choose to have fewer children, thus further contributing to lower birth rates.
Step 2
2. Urbanization and Migration
Answer
Development also fuels urbanization, as people move from rural areas to cities in search of better economic opportunities. This migration often leads to demographic changes in urban populations, where the influx of younger individuals can skew age demographics and alter family structures. Increased urbanization can lead to fewer large families as the cost of living rises in urban areas, resulting in a trend towards smaller family sizes.