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Outline and explain two sociological perspectives on the purpose of social policy in society. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 5 - 2021 - Paper 3
Question 5
Outline and explain two sociological perspectives on the purpose of social policy in society.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Outline and explain two sociological perspectives on the purpose of social policy in society. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 5 - 2021 - Paper 3
Step 1
Functionalism
Answer
Functionalists view social policy as a means to promote social stability and cohesion. They believe that the state and social work operate to fulfill the needs of society, thereby fostering gradual social change. For instance, educational policies are designed to prepare individuals to integrate into society and contribute positively to the social order. This perspective underscores the importance of maintaining social equilibrium and suggests that policies are tools for addressing social issues to enhance overall functioning.
Step 2
New Right Perspective
Answer
The New Right perspective emphasizes the role of free-market economics and minimal state intervention. Proponents argue that government involvement often undermines individual responsibility and initiative. They advocate for policies that promote family values and personal responsibility. For example, in the 1980s and 1990s, this view influenced policies aimed at reducing welfare dependency. The New Right argues that a focus on the market will lead to more efficient outcomes and encourage self-reliance among citizens.