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Outline and explain two arguments against the positivist view that sociology can be scientific. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 6 - 2021 - Paper 1
Question 6
Outline and explain two arguments against the positivist view that sociology can be scientific.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Outline and explain two arguments against the positivist view that sociology can be scientific. - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 6 - 2021 - Paper 1
Step 1
Argument 1: Sociology and its Subjectivity
Answer
One argument against the positivist view is that sociology deals with human behavior, which is inherently subjective. Unlike the natural sciences, which can often be measured and quantified objectively, the complexities of human actions and societal interactions involve interpretations that vary across cultures and contexts. Positivists may assume that sociology can mirror the methodologies of natural sciences, but this overlooks the fact that human behavior is influenced by emotions, beliefs, and social constructs that cannot be easily quantified or generalized.
Step 2
Argument 2: The Limits of Scientific Method in Sociology
Answer
Another argument is the limitation of the scientific method in capturing the dynamic nature of societal changes. The positivist approach relies on hypotheses and empirical testing, but social phenomena are often fluid and affected by numerous variables that cannot always be isolated or controlled. For instance, while experiments may provide insights into certain behavioral trends, they cannot account for the broader socio-economic contexts that influence those behaviors. This suggests that the scientific framework may fall short in fully understanding the complexities of social realities.