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Read Item C below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 5 - 2018 - Paper 1
Question 5
Read Item C below and answer the question that follows. Item C Investigating pupil exclusions Pupil exclusions take many forms. Permanent exclusions from school a... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read Item C below and answer the question that follows - AQA - A-Level Sociology - Question 5 - 2018 - Paper 1
Step 1
Evaluate the strengths of using participant observation to investigate pupil exclusions
Answer
Using participant observation allows researchers to gain in-depth insights into the behaviors and interactions of pupils within their natural environment. This method facilitates a holistic understanding of personal experiences, leading to valuable qualitative data. Moreover, the ability to establish a rapport with students enhances the authenticity of the findings. For example, the researcher may observe underlying issues related to exclusions, such as bullying or classroom dynamics, which may not be captured through surveys.
Additionally, participant observation can help in understanding the contextual factors influencing pupil behavior, like peer relationships and teacher-student interactions. By immersing themselves in the school setting, researchers can identify patterns and nuances that might be critical in understanding pupil exclusions.
Step 2
Evaluate the limitations of using participant observation to investigate pupil exclusions
Answer
Despite its strengths, participant observation has notable limitations. Firstly, the presence of a researcher may alter pupil behavior, known as the Hawthorne effect, where individuals modify their actions due to awareness of being observed, leading to data that may not accurately represent typical behavior.
Moreover, participant observation generally involves small groups, which limits the generalizability of the findings. It can also be labor-intensive and time-consuming, requiring prolonged engagement in the field to establish trust and rapport with participants. Furthermore, there may be ethical concerns regarding consent, especially when observing minors. Researchers must ensure they adhere to ethical guidelines when studying vulnerable populations, which can complicate the research process.