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A car moves along a horizontal straight road, passing two points A and B - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Mechanics - Question 3 - 2008 - Paper 1

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A car moves along a horizontal straight road, passing two points A and B. At A the speed of the car is 15 m s^-1. When the driver passes A, he sees a warning sign W ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A car moves along a horizontal straight road, passing two points A and B - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Mechanics - Question 3 - 2008 - Paper 1

Step 1

(a) Sketch, in the space below, a speed-time graph to illustrate the motion of the car as it moves from A to B.

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Answer

The speed-time graph can be divided into three segments:

  1. Deceleration from A to W (0 to 12s): The speed decreases from 15 m/s to 5 m/s. This is a slope downwards.
  2. Acceleration from W (12s to 16s): The speed increases from 5 m/s to V m/s. This is a slope upwards.
  3. Constant speed (16s to 38s): The car moves with speed V m/s for 22 seconds, shown as a horizontal line.

The graph should form a 'V' shape. Ensure that each section is labeled appropriately.

Step 2

(b) Find the time taken for the car to move from A to B.

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Answer

The total distance covered is 1 km = 1000 m.

From A to W, the average speed is: Average speed=15+52=10 m/s\text{Average speed} = \frac{15 + 5}{2} = 10 \text{ m/s}

Time taken from A to W: t=120extm10 m/s=12extst = \frac{120 ext{ m}}{10 \text{ m/s}} = 12 ext{ s}

From W to the final point B, the car accelerates for 4 seconds (16 s - 12 s) and moves at constant speed for 22 seconds, totaling: T=12+4+22=38 sT = 12 + 4 + 22 = 38 \text{ s}

Step 3

(c) The distance from A to B is 1 km.

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Using the total distances covered:

The distance from A to W is 120 m and the distance covered while moving at V m/s over 22 seconds is given by: D=V×t=V×22D = V \times t = V \times 22

Hence, 120+22V=1000120 + 22V = 1000

Solving the equation gives:

22V = 880\ V = \frac{880}{22} = 40 ext{ m/s}$$

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