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A curve C has equation y = 3sin 2x + 4cos 2x, -\pi < x < \pi - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 7 - 2008 - Paper 6

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A curve C has equation y = 3sin 2x + 4cos 2x, -\pi < x < \pi. The point A(0, 4) lies on C. (a) Find an equation of the normal to the curve C at A. (b) Express y ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A curve C has equation y = 3sin 2x + 4cos 2x, -\pi < x < \pi - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 7 - 2008 - Paper 6

Step 1

Find an equation of the normal to the curve C at A.

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Answer

To find the equation of the normal at the point A(0, 4), we first need to find the derivative of the curve. Given the equation of the curve:

y=3sin(2x)+4cos(2x)y = 3\sin(2x) + 4\cos(2x)

we differentiate with respect to x:

dydx=6cos(2x)8sin(2x).\frac{dy}{dx} = 6\cos(2x) - 8\sin(2x).

Next, we evaluate the derivative at x = 0:

dydxx=0=6cos(0)8sin(0)=6.\frac{dy}{dx}\bigg|_{x=0} = 6\cos(0) - 8\sin(0) = 6.

The slope of the tangent line at A is 6. Thus, the slope of the normal line is the negative reciprocal:

mnormal=16.m_{normal} = -\frac{1}{6}.

Using the point-slope form, the equation of the normal is:

y4=16(x0)y - 4 = -\frac{1}{6}(x - 0)

Rearranging gives:

y=16x+4.y = -\frac{1}{6}x + 4.

Step 2

Express y in the form Rsin(2x + \alpha), where R > 0 and 0 < \alpha < \frac{\pi}{2}. Give the value of \alpha to 3 significant figures.

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Answer

To express y in the required form, we can use the technique of combining sine and cosine. We start from:

y=3sin(2x)+4cos(2x).y = 3\sin(2x) + 4\cos(2x).

We can express it as:

y=Rsin(2x+α)y = R\sin(2x + \alpha)

where

R=32+42=9+16=5.R = \sqrt{3^2 + 4^2} = \sqrt{9 + 16} = 5.

To find \alpha, we use:

tan(α)=43α=tan1(43)0.927.\tan(\alpha) = \frac{4}{3} \, \Rightarrow \, \alpha = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{4}{3}\right) \approx 0.927.

Thus, \alpha = 0.927 (to 3 significant figures).

Step 3

Find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the curve C with the x-axis.

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Answer

To find the intersection points with the x-axis, we set y = 0:

0=3sin(2x)+4cos(2x).0 = 3\sin(2x) + 4\cos(2x).

This can be rewritten as:

sin(2x)=43cos(2x).\sin(2x) = -\frac{4}{3}\cos(2x).

Dividing both sides by cos(2x):

tan(2x)=43.\tan(2x) = -\frac{4}{3}.

Now we find 2x:

2x=tan1(43)+nπ, for nZ.2x = \tan^{-1}\left(-\frac{4}{3}\right) + n\pi, \text{ for } n \in \mathbb{Z}.

Calculating, we find the solutions for x:

x2.03,0.46,1.11,2.68.x \approx -2.03, -0.46, 1.11, 2.68.

Therefore, the coordinates are:

(2.03,0),(0.46,0),(1.11,0),(2.68,0)(-2.03, 0), (-0.46, 0), (1.11, 0), (2.68, 0)

All answers rounded to 2 decimal places.

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