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The gradient of a curve C is given by dy/dx = (x^2 + 3)^2/x^3, x ≠ 0 - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 4 - 2008 - Paper 1

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The gradient of a curve C is given by dy/dx = (x^2 + 3)^2/x^3, x ≠ 0. (a) Show that dy/dx = x^2 + 6 + 9x^{-2}. The point (3, 20) lies on C. (b) Find an equation ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The gradient of a curve C is given by dy/dx = (x^2 + 3)^2/x^3, x ≠ 0 - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 4 - 2008 - Paper 1

Step 1

(a) Show that dy/dx = x^2 + 6 + 9x^{-2}.

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Answer

To show the equivalence of the given expression, we start with:

dy/dx=(x2+3)2x3.dy/dx = \frac{(x^2 + 3)^2}{x^3}.

We can expand the numerator:

(x2+3)2=x4+6x2+9.(x^2 + 3)^2 = x^4 + 6x^2 + 9.

Now substituting this back into the original expression:

dy/dx = \frac{x^4 + 6x^2 + 9}{x^3}.$$

Dividing each term in the numerator by x3x^3 gives:

dy/dx = x + \frac{6}{x} + \frac{9}{x^3} = x^2 + 6 + 9x^{-2}.$$ Thus, we have shown that the two expressions are equivalent.

Step 2

(b) Find an equation for the curve C in the form y = f(x).

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Answer

Given that the point (3, 20) lies on the curve, we can utilize the formula for dy/dxdy/dx to find a specific function:

First, we integrate dy/dxdy/dx:

(x2+6+9x2)dx.\int \left(x^2 + 6 + 9x^{-2}\right) dx.

This results in:

y = \frac{x^3}{3} + 6x + \int 9x^{-2} dx + c,$$ where the integral of $9x^{-2}$ is $-9/x$. Thus, we have:

y = \frac{x^3}{3} + 6x - \frac{9}{x} + c.$$

To find the constant cc, we substitute the point (3, 20):

20=333+6(3)93+c.20 = \frac{3^3}{3} + 6(3) - \frac{9}{3} + c.

Calculating this gives:

20=9+183+c,20 = 9 + 18 - 3 + c,

which simplifies to:

20=24+cightarrowc=2024=4.20 = 24 + c ightarrow c = 20 - 24 = -4.

Therefore, the equation for the curve C is:

y = \frac{x^3}{3} + 6x - \frac{9}{x} - 4.$$

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