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The line with equation $y = 3x + 20$ cuts the curve with equation $y = x^3 + 6x + 10$ at the points A and B, as shown in Figure 2 - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 2 - 2005 - Paper 2

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The-line-with-equation-$y-=-3x-+-20$-cuts-the-curve-with-equation-$y-=-x^3-+-6x-+-10$-at-the-points-A-and-B,-as-shown-in-Figure-2-Edexcel-A-Level Maths Pure-Question 2-2005-Paper 2.png

The line with equation $y = 3x + 20$ cuts the curve with equation $y = x^3 + 6x + 10$ at the points A and B, as shown in Figure 2. (a) Use algebra to find the coord... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The line with equation $y = 3x + 20$ cuts the curve with equation $y = x^3 + 6x + 10$ at the points A and B, as shown in Figure 2 - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 2 - 2005 - Paper 2

Step 1

Use algebra to find the coordinates of A and B

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Answer

To find the coordinates of points A and B, we set the equations equal to each other:

x3+6x+10=3x+20x^3 + 6x + 10 = 3x + 20

Rearranging gives:

x3+6x3x+1020=0x^3 + 6x - 3x + 10 - 20 = 0

Which simplifies to:

x3+3x10=0x^3 + 3x - 10 = 0

To solve this cubic equation, we can use trial and error or synthetic division. Testing x=2x = 2:

23+3(2)10=8+610=4ext(notaroot)2^3 + 3(2) - 10 = 8 + 6 - 10 = 4 ext{ (not a root)}

Testing x=1x = 1:

13+3(1)10=1+310=6ext(notaroot)1^3 + 3(1) - 10 = 1 + 3 - 10 = -6 ext{ (not a root)}

Testing x=2x = -2:

(2)3+3(2)10=8610=24ext(notaroot)(-2)^3 + 3(-2) - 10 = -8 - 6 - 10 = -24 ext{ (not a root)}

Testing x=2x = 2 again:

By using synthetic division or numerical solving techniques, we find roots at:

x=2extandx=2x = 2 ext{ and } x = -2

Now substituting back to find yy: for x=2x = 2, we get:

y=3(2)+20=6+20=26y = 3(2) + 20 = 6 + 20 = 26

Thus, point A is (2, 26). Similarly, for x=2x = -2:

y=3(2)+20=6+20=14y = 3(-2) + 20 = -6 + 20 = 14

Thus, point B is (-2, 14). The coordinates are A(2, 26) and B(-2, 14).

Step 2

Use calculus to find the exact area of S

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Answer

To find the area of the shaded region S, we compute the integral of the top function minus the bottom function between the points of intersection A and B.

The area S is given by:

S=22(3x+20(x3+6x+10))dxS = \int_{-2}^{2} (3x + 20 - (x^3 + 6x + 10)) \, dx

This simplifies to:

S=22(x33x+10)dxS = \int_{-2}^{2} (-x^3 - 3x + 10) \, dx

Calculating this integral:

  1. Integrate the function:

(x33x+10)dx=x443x22+10x\int (-x^3 - 3x + 10) \, dx = -\frac{x^4}{4} - \frac{3x^2}{2} + 10x

  1. Evaluate from -2 to 2:

S=[(2)443(2)22+10(2)][(2)443(2)22+10(2)]S = \left[-\frac{(2)^4}{4} - \frac{3(2)^2}{2} + 10(2)\right] - \left[-\frac{(-2)^4}{4} - \frac{3(-2)^2}{2} + 10(-2)\right]

Calculating this gives:

S=[46+20][4620]S = \left[-4 - 6 + 20\right] - \left[-4 - 6 - 20\right]

This evaluates to:

S=[10][30]=40S = [10] - [-30] = 40

Hence the exact area of S is 40 square units.

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