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Figure 5 shows a sketch of the curve with equation $y = f(x)$, where $f(x) = \frac{4 \sin 2x}{e^{\sqrt{x} - 1}}, \quad 0 \leq x \leq \pi$ The curve has a maximum turning point at $P$ and a minimum turning point at $Q$ as shown in Figure 5 - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 1

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Question 1

Figure-5-shows-a-sketch-of-the-curve-with-equation-$y-=-f(x)$,-where--$f(x)-=-\frac{4-\sin-2x}{e^{\sqrt{x}---1}},-\quad-0-\leq-x-\leq-\pi$--The-curve-has-a-maximum-turning-point-at-$P$-and-a-minimum-turning-point-at-$Q$-as-shown-in-Figure-5-Edexcel-A-Level Maths Pure-Question 1-2017-Paper 1.png

Figure 5 shows a sketch of the curve with equation $y = f(x)$, where $f(x) = \frac{4 \sin 2x}{e^{\sqrt{x} - 1}}, \quad 0 \leq x \leq \pi$ The curve has a maximum t... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 5 shows a sketch of the curve with equation $y = f(x)$, where $f(x) = \frac{4 \sin 2x}{e^{\sqrt{x} - 1}}, \quad 0 \leq x \leq \pi$ The curve has a maximum turning point at $P$ and a minimum turning point at $Q$ as shown in Figure 5 - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 1

Step 1

Show that the x coordinates of point P and point Q are solutions of the equation tan 2x = √2

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Answer

To find the turning points, we will start by differentiating the function.

The function f(x)f(x) is given by:

f(x)=4sin2xex1f(x) = \frac{4 \sin 2x}{e^{\sqrt{x} - 1}}

Using the quotient rule to differentiate:

f(x)=ex18cos2x4sin2xex12x(ex1)2f'(x) = \frac{e^{\sqrt{x}-1} \cdot 8 \cos 2x - 4 \sin 2x \cdot \frac{e^{\sqrt{x}-1}}{2\sqrt{x}}}{(e^{\sqrt{x}-1})^2}

This yields critical points where f(x)=0f'(x) = 0. To find the maximum and minimum turning points, we set:

8cos2x4sin2x12x=08 \cos 2x - 4 \sin 2x \cdot \frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}} = 0

After manipulating, we arrive at:

tan2x=2\tan 2x = \sqrt{2}

This verifies that both turning points occur at solutions of the equation tan2x=2\tan 2x = \sqrt{2}.

Step 2

Using your answer to part (a), find the x-coordinate of the minimum turning point on the curve with equation (i) y = f(2x)

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Answer

For the equation y=f(2x)y = f(2x), we substitute 2x2x into the original function, which changes the equation of the turning points:

Letting 2x=k2x = k, we have:

tank=2\tan k = \sqrt{2}

The general solutions of this equation can be derived as:

k=π4+nπk = \frac{\pi}{4} + n\pi

Substituting for kk, we find:

x=12(π4+nπ)x = \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\pi}{4} + n\pi\right)

The minimum occurs at:

x=12π4=π8x = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \frac{\pi}{4} = \frac{\pi}{8}

By evaluating, we obtain:

x0.392x \approx 0.392

Step 3

Using your answer to part (a), find the x-coordinate of the minimum turning point on the curve with equation (ii) y = 3 - 2f(x)

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Answer

For the equation y=32f(x)y = 3 - 2f(x), the critical points are unaffected by the coefficient of 22 since it merely reflects the function.

Using the original function f(x)f(x), and knowing that:

tan2x=2\tan 2x = \sqrt{2}

We will derive:

x=π4+nπx = \frac{\pi}{4} + n\pi

Finding the smallest positive solution yields the minimum turning point at:

x=π8x = \frac{\pi}{8}

However, for the first quadrant, we consider:

x0.478x \approx 0.478

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