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Figure 3 shows a circle C with centre Q and radius 4 and the point T which lies on C - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2014 - Paper 1

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Figure 3 shows a circle C with centre Q and radius 4 and the point T which lies on C. The tangent to C at the point T passes through the origin O and OT = 6√5. Giv... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Figure 3 shows a circle C with centre Q and radius 4 and the point T which lies on C - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 1 - 2014 - Paper 1

Step 1

(a) find the exact value of k

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Answer

To find the value of k, we can use the Pythagorean theorem. From the information given:

  1. The distance from the origin O(0, 0) to the center of the circle Q(11, k) can be expressed as:

    OQ=(110)2+(k0)2=112+k2=121+k2OQ = \sqrt{(11 - 0)^2 + (k - 0)^2} = \sqrt{11^2 + k^2} = \sqrt{121 + k^2}

  2. We also know that the radius of the circle is 4, and the distance OT is given as OT=65OT = 6\sqrt{5}.

  3. Applying the tangent-secant theorem, we know that:

    OQ2=OT2+r2OQ^2 = OT^2 + r^2

    Substituting the values gives:

    (121+k2)2=(65)2+42(\sqrt{121 + k^2})^2 = (6\sqrt{5})^2 + 4^2

    121+k2=180+16121 + k^2 = 180 + 16

    121+k2=196121 + k^2 = 196

    k2=196121k^2 = 196 - 121

    k2=75k^2 = 75

    Thus, taking the positive root as k is a positive constant:

    k=75=53k = \sqrt{75} = 5\sqrt{3}

Step 2

(b) find an equation for C

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Answer

The general equation of a circle centered at (h, k) with radius r is:

(xh)2+(yk)2=r2(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2

From part (a), the center Q is at (11, 5√3) and the radius r is 4. Therefore, substituting the values into the equation:

  1. The equation becomes:

    (x11)2+(y53)2=42(x - 11)^2 + (y - 5\sqrt{3})^2 = 4^2

    (x11)2+(y53)2=16(x - 11)^2 + (y - 5\sqrt{3})^2 = 16

This is the required equation for the circle C.

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