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A circle C has equation $$x^{2} + y^{2} - 4x + 10y = k$$ where k is a constant - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 1

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A circle C has equation $$x^{2} + y^{2} - 4x + 10y = k$$ where k is a constant. (a) Find the coordinates of the centre of C. (b) State the range of possible valu... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A circle C has equation $$x^{2} + y^{2} - 4x + 10y = k$$ where k is a constant - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 5 - 2017 - Paper 1

Step 1

(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of C.

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Answer

To find the center of the circle represented by the equation, we will complete the square for both the x and y terms in the equation.

Starting with the equation:
x2+y24x+10y=kx^{2} + y^{2} - 4x + 10y = k

  1. Completing the square for x:

    x24x=(x2)24x^{2} - 4x = (x - 2)^{2} - 4

  2. Completing the square for y:

    y2+10y=(y+5)225y^{2} + 10y = (y + 5)^{2} - 25

Now substitute these back into the equation:

(x2)24+(y+5)225=k(x - 2)^{2} - 4 + (y + 5)^{2} - 25 = k

This simplifies to:

(x2)2+(y+5)2=k+29(x - 2)^{2} + (y + 5)^{2} = k + 29

From the standard equation of a circle (xh)2+(yk)2=r2(x - h)^{2} + (y - k)^{2} = r^{2}, we can identify that the center coordinates are:

Center: (2, -5)

Step 2

(b) State the range of possible values for k.

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Answer

In the completed square form of the equation, we have:

(x2)2+(y+5)2=k+29(x - 2)^{2} + (y + 5)^{2} = k + 29

For the equation to represent a valid circle, the right-hand side must be positive, i.e.,

k+29>0k + 29 > 0

This means:

k>29k > -29

Thus, the range of possible values for k is:

Range: k>29k > -29

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