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The circle C has equation $$x^2 + y^2 - 20x - 24y + 195 = 0$$ The centre of C is at the point M - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 6 - 2013 - Paper 6

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The circle C has equation $$x^2 + y^2 - 20x - 24y + 195 = 0$$ The centre of C is at the point M. (a) Find (i) the coordinates of the point M, (ii) the radius of... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:The circle C has equation $$x^2 + y^2 - 20x - 24y + 195 = 0$$ The centre of C is at the point M - Edexcel - A-Level Maths Pure - Question 6 - 2013 - Paper 6

Step 1

Find (i) the coordinates of the point M

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Answer

To find the center of the circle given by the equation x2+y220x24y+195=0x^2 + y^2 - 20x - 24y + 195 = 0, we first need to rewrite the equation in the standard form of a circle, which is (xh)2+(yk)2=r2(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2, where (h, k) represents the center.

Rearranging the given equation, we complete the square for the x and y terms:

  1. The x-terms: x220xx^2 - 20x can be rewritten as (x10)2100 (x - 10)^2 - 100.
  2. The y-terms: y224yy^2 - 24y can be rewritten as (y12)2144 (y - 12)^2 - 144.

Substituting these back into the equation gives us:

(x10)2+(y12)2=100+144195 (x - 10)^2 + (y - 12)^2 = 100 + 144 - 195

Solving this gives us:
(x10)2+(y12)2=49(x - 10)^2 + (y - 12)^2 = 49

Therefore, the center M is at the point (10,12)(10, 12).

Step 2

Find (ii) the radius of the circle C

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Answer

From the standard form derived in part (i), we have:

(x10)2+(y12)2=49 (x - 10)^2 + (y - 12)^2 = 49

The radius, r, is the square root of 49:

r=extsqrt(49)=7. r = ext{sqrt}(49) = 7.

Thus, the radius of the circle C is 7.

Step 3

Find the length of the line MN

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Answer

To find the length of line MN, we use the distance formula:

d=extsqrt((x2x1)2+(y2y1)2)d = ext{sqrt}((x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2)

Substituting coordinates for M (10, 12) and N (25, 32):

d=extsqrt((2510)2+(3212)2) d = ext{sqrt}((25 - 10)^2 + (32 - 12)^2)

Calculating gives:

d=extsqrt(152+202)=extsqrt(225+400)=extsqrt(625)=25. d = ext{sqrt}(15^2 + 20^2) = ext{sqrt}(225 + 400) = ext{sqrt}(625) = 25.

Therefore, the length of line MN is 25.

Step 4

Find the length of the line NP

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Answer

To find the length of the line NP, we first need to determine the coordinates of point P, where the tangent to the circle at P passes through point N (25, 32).

Using the slope of the tangent line and the coordinates of the center M (10, 12), we find the slope of the radius that connects M to P. The slope of MP is given by:

m_{MP} = rac{32 - 12}{25 - 10} = rac{20}{15} = rac{4}{3}.

Since the tangent line is perpendicular to the radius, the slope of the tangent line passing through N is:

m_{tangent} = - rac{3}{4}.

Now we can write the equation of the tangent line using point-slope form:

y - 32 = - rac{3}{4}(x - 25).

This equation can be rearranged to find the coordinates of the intersection P, and subsequently, we can find NP using the distance formula. However, the specific length can also be derived from the earlier information that N is 24 units away from the tangent line.

Therefore, the length of NP is 24.

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