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To what extent is an anarchist society a realistic goal? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider both sides in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 2
Question 3
To what extent is an anarchist society a realistic goal? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider both sides in a bala... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent is an anarchist society a realistic goal? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider both sides in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 3 - 2019 - Paper 2
Step 1
Agreement: Anarchism is based on a positive view of human nature.
Answer
Anarchism fundamentally posits that human beings are inherently capable of self-governance and cooperation. Thinkers like Peter Kropotkin emphasized mutual aid as a natural phenomenon in human evolution, suggesting that society can be structured around voluntary cooperation rather than coercion. Historical examples, like the anarchist communes during the Spanish Civil War, illustrate how self-organization can lead to successful social constructs.
Step 2
Agreement: Anarchist societies are based on rational self-interest.
Answer
Many anarchist theorists, including individualist anarchists like Benjamin Tucker, argue that a society based on rational self-interest is feasible. This implies that if individuals act in accordance with their own interests while recognizing the rights of others, an anarchist community can function effectively. Examples such as the cooperative movements illustrate this principle in practice.
Step 3
Disagreement: Anarchism is based on an overly optimistic view of human nature.
Answer
Critics of anarchism argue that it relies on an unrealistic perspective of human behavior. Modern societies often illustrate the need for some form of governance to maintain order, as evidence shows that without structured authority, chaos can ensue. Furthermore, societies have demonstrated a tendency towards hierarchy and authority, countering the anarchist ideal.
Step 4
Disagreement: Successful anarchist societies are unattainable.
Answer
Historical examples often highlight the instability of anarchist societies. The collapse of some experimental anarchist communities suggests that, without some level of order, individuals may revert to competitive and selfish behaviors. Thus, critics assert that maintaining a lasting anarchist society is unrealistic given human tendencies towards power dynamics and conflict.