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To what extent are anarchist views on human nature utopian? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 2
Question 3
To what extent are anarchist views on human nature utopian? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views i... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent are anarchist views on human nature utopian? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 2
Step 1
Points for the view
Answer
Anarchists perceive a utopian view of human nature, grounded in fundamental assumptions about human potential.
Both collectivist and individualist anarchists agree that human nature forms the basis of a natural order. They argue that in a truly free society, individuals will naturally cooperate for mutual benefit. Collectivist anarchists particularly suggest that the removal of oppressive structures will allow the innate goodness and collaboration of humans to emerge, thus realizing a utopia.
Moreover, they assert that human nature possesses inherent potential that, when cultivated in a non-hierarchical environment, can lead to the flourishing of society.
Step 2
Points against the view
Answer
Critics argue against this idealistic view, particularly from a collectivist standpoint. They assert that societies often distort and corrupt human nature through competition and inequality, hindering the fulfillment of anarchist ideals.
Individualist anarchists provide a more realistic depiction of human nature, positing that individuals are not purely altruistic and often act out of self-interest. They caution that without a framework like the state, human tendencies might skew towards chaotic behaviors rather than harmonious cooperation.
Step 3
Conclusion and judgement for the view
Answer
One can conclude that while anarchists hold optimistic views on human nature, the reality of human interactions presents challenges. An anarchist perspective indeed shows that human nature is capable of utopian conditions under ideal circumstances, yet it often overlooks the darker aspects of human behavior shaped by societal norms.
Step 4
Conclusion and judgement against the view
Answer
Ultimately, the conclusions against the utopian nature of anarchism remain significant. While the removal of state power could pave the path towards an ideal society, the underlying complexities of human temperament suggest that complete freedom may not yield the cooperative and altruistic outcomes anarchists envision. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that anarchist views on human nature are, in many ways, utopian.