Evaluate the view that devolution has been good for Wales and Scotland but not for England and Northern Ireland - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 2

Devolution has been perceived positively in Wales and Scotland for several key reasons:

1. Additional Powers Gained: Both Scotland and Wales have gained significant additional powers through the devolution process. This empowerment has allowed them to tailor policies that better reflect the needs and aspirations of their citizens.

2. Success of Devolution: Generally, devolution is regarded as a success for both countries. Scotland, for example, has established itself with distinct institutions that handle various aspects of governance, enhancing public engagement.

3. Limited Development in England: In contrast, England has seen minimal devolved powers. This disparity has led to a sense of neglect for England’s governance needs compared to Wales and Scotland.

4. Stormont's Political Challenges: Northern Ireland's assembly (Stormont) has faced significant suspension periods, notably between January 2017 and January 2020. This lack of stable governance contrasts sharply with the relative successes seen in Welsh and Scottish governance.

On the other hand, some arguments against this view include:

1. Inadequate Satisfaction for Independence Movements: Devolution has not fully satisfied desires for independence in Scotland, leading to ongoing debates and grassroots campaigning for another referendum on independence.

2. Limited Powers for the Welsh Parliament: Historically, the Welsh Parliament has operated with fewer powers, which could argue against the effective devolution narrative, implying that the benefits of devolution have not been evenly distributed.

3. England's Unique Position: Despite the claims that devolution has been beneficial for the other regions, it can be argued that England does not necessitate a separate parliament. Instead, it functions with a centralized parliamentary system that has its own efficiencies.

In conclusion, while devolution has indeed brought significant benefits to Wales and Scotland, it has also faced challenges, particularly in Northern Ireland and regarding the perception of English governance. Ultimately, the evaluation reveals both positive impacts and areas where devolution has not fully addressed regional demands.