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To what extent does the use of referendums weaken or improve representative democracy? - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 1
To what extent does the use of referendums weaken or improve representative democracy?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent does the use of referendums weaken or improve representative democracy? - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Weakening of Representative Democracy
Answer
Those who argue that referendums weaken representative democracy point to several key factors. Firstly, referendums can devalue the role of elected representatives by removing their decision-making power, which fundamentally undermines the representative process. Secondly, by introducing referendums, Parliament may see a reduction in its authority, especially regarding its sovereign powers within the UK.
Additionally, referendums give excessive power to governments that may utilize them to manipulate the political process. This shift can distort the democratic process, as the government could frame questions strategically to achieve desired outcomes.
Moreover, voters may also gain an 'opt out' from essential decision-making responsibilities, where they abrogate their duty to deliberate on complex issues, thereby hindering the depth of democratic engagement.
Step 2
Improving Representative Democracy
Answer
Conversely, proponents of referendums argue that they enhance representative democracy in several ways. Referendums can incorporate direct elements of democracy, contributing to a more engaged electorate, as people often feel more involved when able to vote on critical issues directly.
Additionally, referendums can break the rigid structures typically imposed by political parties, offering voters a choice that may not align with established party lines. This can lead to more accountability and responsiveness from the government between elections.
Furthermore, referendums serve an educational purpose, providing citizens with crucial information about significant public issues, which can foster informed decision-making.
Step 3
Conclusion
Answer
In conclusion, while referendums can be seen as both weakening and improving representative democracy, their impact largely depends on the context and manner in which they are implemented. A balanced approach to incorporating referendums might yield the greatest benefit to democratic processes, ensuring that both the representative and direct dimensions of democracy coexist constructively.