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To what extent do ecologists agree that ecologism starts where capitalism ends? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Question 4
To what extent do ecologists agree that ecologism starts where capitalism ends? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consid... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:To what extent do ecologists agree that ecologism starts where capitalism ends? You must use appropriate thinkers you have studied to support your answer and consider differing views in a balanced way. - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 2
Step 1
Points of Agreement
Answer
Both deep greens and shallow greens reject capitalism, as it is based on the principle of growth (Bookchin) and capitalism is seen as incompatible with ecologism. Both perspectives also emphasize a rejection of the consumerism and materialism inherent in capitalism.
Deep greens and social ecology further argue that capitalistic systems view nature in mechanistic ways, which reduces it to mere resources rather than valuing its intrinsic worth. Ecologism, by contrast, advocates for a relationship with nature that encompasses spiritual, holistic values (Schumacher). Therefore, both perspectives agree that ecological growth is incompatible with capitalistic growth.
In conclusion, both deep greens and social ecology view ecologism as beginning where capitalism’s materialistic and consumeristic principles end.
Step 2
Points of Disagreement
Answer
Shallow greens disagree with deep greens and social ecology, believing that capitalism can be compatible with ecologism. They argue that capitalism can adapt to include sustainable practices. Shallow greens propose that through innovation and responsible consumption, capitalism can evolve to meet ecological standards, thereby creating a space for economic growth alongside ecological preservation.
Moreover, they suggest that shallow greens can work within the capitalist framework to promote environmental practices rather than completely rejecting capitalism as incompatible.
In conclusion, while deep greens argue for a complete separation between ecologism and capitalism, shallow greens believe in reformative approaches to integrate ecological standards within a capitalistic context.