Evaluate the view that devolution has been good for Wales and Scotland but not for England and Northern Ireland - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 2 - 2021 - Paper 2

In evaluating the benefits of devolution, it is important to acknowledge that both Wales and Scotland have gained autonomy and additional legislative powers, which have positively influenced their governance.

Wales and Scotland: Gains from Devolution

• Enhanced Powers: Both Scotland and Wales have succeeded in acquiring additional powers since their respective parliaments were established. The devolution acts have allowed for greater self-governance and local decision-making.
• Public Responses: In Wales, the ability to legislate on issues like health and education has been viewed positively, promoting a sense of local identity and governance. In Scotland, the establishment of the Scottish Parliament has enabled representation of distinct national interests.

England and Northern Ireland: Limitations of Devolution

• Minimal Gains for England: England does not have a separate parliament, leading to perceptions of democratic deficit. Decisions affecting England are made at Westminster, limiting local accountability.
• Challenges in Northern Ireland: The situation in Northern Ireland has been fraught with political instability. Devolution has not necessarily translated into effective governance due to suspended assemblies and political disagreements. For instance, the suspension of Stormont has raised concerns regarding local governance, leading to direct rule from Westminster on several occasions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, while devolution largely benefits Wales and Scotland by empowering their local governments and enabling tailored policy responses, England and Northern Ireland face challenges that question the effectiveness of devolution. Thus, the view that devolution has been good for Wales and Scotland but not for England and Northern Ireland holds substantial merit.