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This source is adapted from the House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee report entitled the 'Role and powers of the Prime Minister' published in 2014 - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2
Question 1
This source is adapted from the House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee report entitled the 'Role and powers of the Prime Minister' published ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:This source is adapted from the House of Commons Political and Constitutional Reform Committee report entitled the 'Role and powers of the Prime Minister' published in 2014 - Edexcel - A-Level Politics - Question 1 - 2019 - Paper 2
Step 1
compare and contrast different opinions in the source
Answer
The source discusses significant powers that Prime Ministers possess, particularly in terms of patronage and the control of the Cabinet. It emphasizes that having a strong majority enables a Prime Minister to wield considerable power. For instance, when a Prime Minister is an electoral asset, their position is largely secure, allowing them to appoint ministers at will. The source also highlights that Prime Ministers must consider party balance when appointing ministers, indicating a limit to their power.
However, the source introduces the argument that Prime Ministers are not entirely free in their choices; they must reflect party dynamics, appointing influential figures ('big beasts') to maintain party support. This necessity creates a balance that constrains a Prime Minister's power, demonstrating an inherent conflict between capability and obligation.
Step 2
examine and evaluate the view in a balanced way
Answer
The statement that Prime Ministers have too much power can be evaluated from two perspectives. On one hand, the power of patronage allows them to shape their Cabinet according to their preferences, giving them significant control over government direction. The Blair and Thatcher examples illustrate how strong Prime Ministers can exert this influence.
On the other hand, the limitations imposed by party dynamics and the necessity to maintain support among party members can curtail a Prime Minister's power. The challenges faced by Theresa May and Cameron regarding party divisions show that even with a majority, a Prime Minister's power is contingent on broader party support.
Thus, while Prime Ministers have considerable authority, it is constrained by the party structure and public perception, indicating a more nuanced evaluation of their power.
Step 3
analytically and evaluate only the information presented in the source
Answer
The source presents a balanced view of Prime Ministerial power. It highlights the dual nature of that power: while Prime Ministers can appoint ministers and set agendas, they must also navigate internal party politics, which can limit their options. The cases of Tony Blair and Margaret Thatcher illustrate that even powerful Prime Ministers are subject to party opinion and public reaction. This indicates that while they may possess significant authority, it is not absolute and can be challenged by their own party or external circumstances, reaffirming that checks on Prime Ministerial power do exist.