Starch is digested to form sugar molecules in the digestive system - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Question 2
Starch is digested to form sugar molecules in the digestive system.
What is the name of the enzyme that digests starch?
Where are most food molecules absorbed?
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:Starch is digested to form sugar molecules in the digestive system - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 1
Step 1
What is the name of the enzyme that digests starch?
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Answer
The enzyme that digests starch is called amylase.
Step 2
Where are most food molecules absorbed?
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Answer
Most food molecules are absorbed in the small intestine.
Step 3
Give one advantage of using an electron microscope compared with using a light microscope.
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Answer
One advantage of using an electron microscope is that it has a greater magnification, allowing us to see smaller sub-cellular structures in more detail.
Step 4
What type of blood vessel is labelled X?
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Answer
The blood vessel labelled X is a capillary.
Step 5
Calculate the image length.
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Answer
Using the formula for magnification, we have:
magnification = \frac{size \ of \ image}{size \ of \ real \ object}$$
Substituting the values:
$$20 = \frac{image \ length}{0.8}$$
Thus, solving for image length:
$$image \ length = 20 \times 0.8 = 16 \ mm.$$
Step 6
Name the process by which sugar moves into cell A.
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Answer
The process by which sugar moves into cell A is called diffusion.
Step 7
Name the process by which sugar moves into cell B.
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The process by which sugar moves into cell B is known as active transport.
Step 8
Give one use of sugar in the body.
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One use of sugar in the body is for respiration, where it acts as an energy source.
Step 9
Explain how villi are adapted for efficient absorption of sugar molecules.
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Villi are adapted for efficient absorption of sugar molecules through several key features:
Microvilli: The surface area of the villi is increased by microvilli, allowing for greater absorption of nutrients.
Thin Wall: The wall of each villus is only one cell thick, which facilitates rapid diffusion of nutrients into the bloodstream.
Capillary Network: Villi contain a rich network of capillaries that transport absorbed sugars swiftly to the body.
Mitochondria: The presence of many mitochondria in the cells of the villi indicates high energy requirements for active transport processes, ensuring sugars are absorbed effectively.
