Being overweight can affect the health and life expectancy of a person. 1. Give one disease related to being overweight. 2. Body mass index (BMI) helps to show if a person has a healthy body mass for their height. BMI is calculated using the equation: $$ BMI = \frac{\text{body mass in kg}}{(\text{height in m})^2} $$ A woman has a BMI of 27 and a body mass of 68.1 kg. Calculate the woman's height in metres. Height = _____ m 3. Figure 4 shows a height-body mass chart for adults. Which weight category describes the woman in Question 03.2? Tick (✓) one box. Underweight __________ Healthy weight __________ Overweight __________ Obese __________ 4. People are encouraged to control their body mass with diet and exercise. Describe how the balance between the mass of food eaten and the amount of exercise a person does controls body mass. 5. During long periods of vigorous exercise the body respires anaerobically. Explain the changes that happen in the body during and after vigorous exercise.

GCSE AQA Biology Combined Science Respiration: Being overweight can affect the

Being overweight can affect the health and life expectancy of a person - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1

Question 3

Being overweight can affect the health and life expectancy of a person. 1. Give one disease related to being overweight. 2. Body mass index (BMI) helps to show i... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Being overweight can affect the health and life expectancy of a person - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1

Step 1

1. Give one disease related to being overweight.

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Answer

Being overweight can lead to several health issues. One common disease associated with being overweight is Type 2 diabetes.

Step 2

2. Calculate the woman's height in metres.

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Answer

To find the woman's height using the BMI formula:

We have:

BMI = 27
Body mass = 68.1 kg

Using the formula:

27 = \frac{68.1}{(\text{height in m})^2}

Rearranging gives:

\text{height}^2 = \frac{68.1}{27}

Calculating this:

\text{height} = \sqrt{\frac{68.1}{27}} \approx 1.59 ext{ m}

Step 3

3. Which weight category describes the woman in Question 03.2?

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Answer

Based on the calculated BMI of 27, the woman falls into the 'Overweight' category as per the height-body mass chart shown in Figure 4.

Step 4

4. Describe how the balance between the mass of food eaten and the amount of exercise a person does controls body mass.

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Answer

Controlling body mass is about maintaining a balance between caloric intake and expenditure.

If a person consumes more calories than they burn through exercise, the excess energy is stored as fat, leading to weight gain.
Conversely, if a person burns more calories through physical activity than they consume, the body will utilize stored fat for energy, resulting in weight loss.
Therefore, a careful balance of diet and exercise helps to regulate body mass effectively.

Step 5

5. Explain the changes that happen in the body during and after vigorous exercise.

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Answer

During vigorous exercise, several physiological changes occur:

Increased Breathing Rate: The body requires more oxygen, so breathing rate increases to supply muscles.
Increased Heart Rate: Blood pumps faster to deliver oxygen and nutrients to muscles.
Anaerobic Respiration: If oxygen levels are insufficient, the body will rely on anaerobic respiration, producing lactic acid.

After exercise:

Recovery Phase: Breathing and heart rates gradually decrease as the body returns to a resting state.
Lactic Acid Removal: The body converts lactic acid back to glucose or other compounds for energy, aiding recovery.

Being overweight can affect the health and life expectancy of a person - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:Being overweight can affect the health and life expectancy of a person - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 3 - 2020 - Paper 1

1. Give one disease related to being overweight.

2. Calculate the woman's height in metres.

3. Which weight category describes the woman in Question 03.2?

4. Describe how the balance between the mass of food eaten and the amount of exercise a person does controls body mass.

5. Explain the changes that happen in the body during and after vigorous exercise.

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