A stimulus from the hot pan will cause the muscle in the arm to contract and move the finger away from the stimulus. The process occurs as follows: 1. The stimulus is detected by the skin receptor, which senses the heat from the hot pan. 2. An electrical impulse is generated, initiating the response. 3. The impulse travels along sensory neurons to the spinal cord. 4. At the spinal cord, the impulse crosses synapses to connect with motor neurons. 5. The motor neurons carry the impulse to the muscles in the arm. 6. The muscles contract, resulting in the movement of the finger away from the hot pan.

GCSE AQA Biology Combined Science The Human Nervous System: A stimulus from the hot pan will

A stimulus from the hot pan will cause the muscle in the arm to contract and move the finger away from the stimulus - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Question 2

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A stimulus from the hot pan will cause the muscle in the arm to contract and move the finger away from the stimulus. The process occurs as follows: 1. The stimulus ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A stimulus from the hot pan will cause the muscle in the arm to contract and move the finger away from the stimulus - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Step 1

Describe a method for the student’s investigation.

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Answer

Select at least 30 people for the investigation, ensuring a mix of right and left-handed individuals.
Conduct the reaction time test using both the right hand and the left hand for each participant at least three times.
Ensure that participants perform the test in a quiet environment to eliminate distractions.
Record the reaction times in seconds.
Calculate the mean reaction time for each hand after removing any outlier readings.
Compare the mean reaction times between the right and left hands.

Step 2

Calculate mean value X in Table 1.

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Answer

To calculate the mean value X, we need to use the formula for the mean:

$X = \frac{(0.2 + 0.4 + 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.3)}{6}$

Calculating the sum:

$0.2 + 0.4 + 0.3 + 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.3 = 1.8$

Now dividing by the number of values (6):

$X = \frac{1.8}{6} = 0.30$

Thus, the mean reaction time for people who play tennis is $0.3$ seconds.

Step 3

What is the dependent variable in the student’s investigation?

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Answer

The dependent variable in the investigation is the reaction time of the participants.

Step 4

Give one piece of evidence which supports the conclusion.

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Answer

The evidence supporting the conclusion can be seen in the results, where individuals who play tennis consistently have shorter reaction times, such as the mean reaction time of $0.3$ seconds compared to $0.4$ seconds in those who do not play tennis.

Step 5

Give one piece of evidence which does not support the conclusion.

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Answer

One piece of evidence that does not support the conclusion is the reaction time of the individual who plays tennis where the recorded time was $0.4$ seconds, which is equal to or greater than the means of those who do not play tennis.

A stimulus from the hot pan will cause the muscle in the arm to contract and move the finger away from the stimulus - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:A stimulus from the hot pan will cause the muscle in the arm to contract and move the finger away from the stimulus - AQA - GCSE Biology Combined Science - Question 2 - 2020 - Paper 2

Describe a method for the student’s investigation.

Calculate mean value X in Table 1.

What is the dependent variable in the student’s investigation?

Give one piece of evidence which supports the conclusion.

Give one piece of evidence which does not support the conclusion.

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